Carbon Reduction Options for Churches Using Oil for Heating

In the UK, our buildings are predominantly heated using natural gas. However, the most significant challenge is how to decarbonise the heating systems in rural buildings that run on oil.

Historic England invited the Diocese of Gloucester to participate in a research project looking at viable methods of low carbon heating in churches and their associated buildings. The research focuses on oil-fired heating systems because oil produces more carbon dioxide emissions than other fuels used to heat buildings.

The key finding from this research is that no single heating technology is recommended for all historic buildings, or even for each historic building type.

Across the six buildings, air source heat pump, biomass and electric heating were recommended in equal proportions. To determine the most viable heating technology for a particular building, a detailed technical feasibility study needs to be carried out at the concept stage.

The recommended heating technology depends on many factors, including the building’s site, location, size and form; the use and operation of the building; the condition of the existing heating system; and the nature of the existing utility infrastructure.

The drivers behind this research include the 2030 net zero carbon target set by the Church of England’s General Synod and the 2050 net zero carbon target set by the UK government.