Standards and Guidance for Aerial Investigation and Mapping Projects

Aerial Investigation and Mapping (AI&M) projects play an important role in understanding England’s archaeological landscapes. They use aerial photographs and lidar data to identify, map and record features, some of which may not be visible using other archaeological techniques. These projects generate spatial datasets and monument records that support research, inform planning and contribute to the long-term management of the historic environment.

These standards and guidelines are intended to support individuals and organisations undertaking AI&M projects. They set out the required methods, data standards and outputs to ensure consistency, accuracy and compatibility with Historic Environment Records (HERs) and national datasets.

AI&M projects require a systematic and integrated approach to the use of aerial sources, combining interpretation, mapping and monument recording within a GIS environment. The resulting data are designed for reuse across multiple platforms, including Historic England systems and HERs.

This document establishes the minimum standards expected for all Historic England grant-funded AI&M projects. It ensures that outputs are robust, interoperable and suitable for long-term use, while also providing guidance to support best practice in the application of aerial survey and remote sensing techniques.